关于美国加征关税对小包清关业务影响的公告
尊敬的客户:
您好!近期,美国加征关税新政已发布,不过海关实施细则尚未落地。海关政策与白宫政策存在差异,技术筹备也未完善。在此情形下,继续沿用 T86 清关模式可能面临风险。考虑到您主要从事小包业务,下面重点为您介绍相关内容及调整措施。
小包清关业务重大调整
业务暂停:T86 小包清关与空运大贸清关紧密相关,为最大程度降低风险,我司决定自 2 月 4 日下午 1 点(中国时间)起,暂停 T86 小包清关业务。请您及时调整发货计划,避免造成不必要的损失。
后续模式转变:后续 T86 小包清关可能转向 informal(T11)清关模式。informal 清关成本相对较高,除需缴纳 2.62 美元的海关 MPF 费用外,还涉及清关、税金、提货以及派送等多项费用。建议您提前做好成本核算和业务规划,评估对您利润空间的影响。若您有任何疑问或需要协助核算成本,我们专业的团队随时为您提供支持。
应对建议:在业务调整期间,您可以提前整理好货物信息,包括货物种类、价值、数量等,以便在新的清关模式确定后,能快速完成清关流程。同时,也建议您与我们保持密切沟通,我们会及时向您传达最新的政策动态和业务调整信息。
其他清关业务参考
海运大贸清关:通常海运大贸清关周期约 1 - 2 周。2 月 1 日下午 1 点(中国时间)前完成装载的货物,可享受豁免加征关税的政策优惠。物流商需妥善留存申报记录,后续货物的税金由基本税率、301 加征税以及 10% 从价税共同构成。虽然这主要针对海运大贸,但如果您考虑调整运输方式,这些信息可供参考。
空运大贸清关:建议重点关注 2 月 4 日下午 1 点(中国时间)之后的政策动态与实际执行情况。若您有通过空运大贸运输小包货物的打算,可根据实际情况及时调整运输与清关安排。
我司正密切关注新关务政策动态,一旦有电商物流新模式的相关信息,将第一时间在公司网站及其他官方渠道更新。若您有将业务转为大贸清关(formal entry,即 T01)的意向,欢迎随时与我们联系,我们将为您提供专业咨询与服务。
为方便您了解美国加税政策具体内容,公告下方附上美国加税白宫新政部分原文,仅供参考,具体实施细则请以官方正式发布的文件为准。
感谢您一直以来对我们的支持与信任。若您在业务开展过程中有任何疑问或需要进一步协助,欢迎随时与我们取得联系。我们将竭诚为您服务,与您携手应对此次政策变动带来的挑战。
附:美国加税白宫新政部分原文及翻译呈现如下(仅供参考,具体实施有待细则出台):
“Sec. 2. (a) All articles that are products of the PRC, as defined by the Federal Register notice described in section 2 (d) of this order (the Federal Register notice), shall be, consistent with law, subject to an additional 10 percent ad valorem rate of duty. Such rate of duty shall apply with respect to goods entered for consumption, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, on or after 12:01 a.m. eastern time on February 4, 2025, except that goods entered for consumption, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, after such time that were loaded onto a vessel at the port of loading or in transit on the final mode of transport prior to entry into the United States before 12:01 a.m. eastern time on February 1, 2025, shall not be subject to such additional duty, only if the importer certifies to U.S. Customs and Border Protection within the Department of Homeland Security as specified in the Federal Register notice.
(b) The rates of duty established by this order are in addition to any other duties, fees, exactions, or charges applicable to such imported articles.
(c) Should the PRC retaliate against the United States in response to this action through import duties on United States exports to the PRC or similar measures, the President may increase or expand in scope the duties imposed under this Executive Order to ensure the efficacy of this action.
(d) In order to establish the duty rate on imports of articles that are products of the PRC, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall determine the modifications necessary to the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS) in order to effectuate the objectives of this order consistent with law and shall make such modifications to the HTSUS through notice in the Federal Register. The modifications made to the HTSUS by this notice shall be effective with respect to goods entered for consumption, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, on or after 12:01 a.m. eastern time on February 4, 2025, except as otherwise noted in subsection 2 (a) of this section, and shall continue in effect until such actions are expressly reduced, modified, or terminated.
(e) Articles that are products of the PRC, except those that are eligible for admission under "domestic status" as defined in 19 CFR 146.43, which are subject to the duties imposed by this order and are admitted into a United States foreign trade zone on or after 12:01 a.m. eastern time on February 4, 2025, except as otherwise noted in subsection 2 (a) of this section, must be admitted as "privileged foreign status" as defined in 19 CFR 146.41. Such articles will be subject upon entry for consumption to the rates of duty related to the classification under the applicable HTSUS subheading in effect at the time of admittance into the United States foreign trade zone.
(f) No drawback shall be available with respect to the duties imposed pursuant to this order.
(g) For avoidance of doubt, duty-free de minimis treatment under 19 U.S.C. 1321 shall not be available for the articles described in subsection (a) of this section.
(h) Any prior Presidential Proclamation, Executive Order, or other presidential directive or guidance related to trade with the PRC that is inconsistent with the direction in this order is hereby terminated, suspended, or modified to the extent necessary to give full effect to this order.
(i) The articles described in subsection (a) of this section shall exclude those encompassed by 50 U.S.C. 1702 (b).”
翻译如下:
(a) 本命令第 2 (d) 节所述《联邦公报》通知(《联邦公报》通知)所界定的所有原产于中国的物品,应依法额外征收 10% 的从价关税。该关税税率适用于 2025 年 2 月 4 日东部时间上午 12:01 及之后申报供消费或从仓库提取供消费的货物,但符合以下条件的货物除外:在 2025 年 2 月 1 日东部时间上午 12:01 之前装上装货港船只或在进入美国前的最后运输方式中处于运输途中,且在 2025 年 2 月 4 日东部时间上午 12:01 之后申报供消费或从仓库提取供消费的货物,前提是进口商按照《联邦公报》通知的规定,向美国国土安全部下属的美国海关与边境保护局作出证明。
(b) 本命令设定的关税税率是在适用于此类进口物品的任何其他关税、费用、税款或收费之外另行征收的。
(c) 如果中国针对美国的这一行动,通过对美国出口至中国的产品征收进口关税或采取类似措施进行报复,总统可提高或扩大本行政命令所征收的关税范围,以确保这一行动的有效性。
(d) 为确定原产于中国的进口物品的关税税率,国土安全部部长应确定对《美国协调关税表》(HTSUS)进行必要修改,以便依法实现本命令的目标,并应通过《联邦公报》发布通知对《美国协调关税表》进行此类修改。本通知对《美国协调关税表》所做的修改,除本节第 2 (a) 小节另有规定外,自 2025 年 2 月 4 日东部时间上午 12:01 及之后申报供消费或从仓库提取供消费的货物起生效,并持续有效,直至此类行动被明确降低、修改或终止。
(e) 原产于中国的物品,除符合《美国联邦法规》第 19 编第 146.43 条所定义的 “国内状态” 可准予入境的物品外,若须缴纳本命令所征收的关税,且在 2025 年 2 月 4 日东部时间上午 12:01 及之后(除本节第 2 (a) 小节另有规定外)进入美国对外贸易区,则必须按照《美国联邦法规》第 19 编第 146.41 条所定义的 “特权外国状态” 准予入境。此类物品在申报供消费入境时,应按照进入美国对外贸易区时有效的《美国协调关税表》适用子目下的分类所对应的关税税率缴纳关税。
(f) 对于依据本命令征收的关税,不得给予退税。
(g) 为避免疑问,《美国法典》第 19 编第 1321 条规定的免税小额物品待遇,不适用于本节 (a) 小节所述的物品。
(h) 此前任何与本命令指示不一致的总统公告、行政命令或其他总统指令或指导意见,涉及与中国贸易的部分,特此在必要范围内予以终止、暂停或修改,以确保本命令充分生效。
(i) 本节 (a) 小节所述的物品应排除《美国法典》第 50 编第 1702 (b) 条所涵盖的物品。